Integral Calculus
Exercise 1 : Basic Line Integral
For $\mathbf{v} = x^2,\hat{\mathbf{x}} + 2yz,\hat{\mathbf{y}} + y^2,\hat{\mathbf{z}}$, compute $\int_C \mathbf{v} \cdot d\mathbf{l}$ from $(0,0,0)$ to $(1,1,1)$ along:
- $(0,0,0) \to (1,0,0) \to (1,1,0) \to (1,1,1)$
- $(0,0,0) \to (0,0,1) \to (0,1,1) \to (1,1,1)$
- The straight line $x = y = z$
- Evaluate $\oint \mathbf{v} \cdot d\mathbf{l}$ around the closed loop: out via 1., back via 2..
Exercise 2 : Gradient Field Verification
Given $\phi = e^{xyz}$, compute $\nabla \phi$ and verify the gradient theorem: $\int_{\mathbf{a}}^{\mathbf{b}} \nabla \phi \cdot d\mathbf{l} = \phi(\mathbf{b}) - \phi(\mathbf{a})$ for $\mathbf{a} = (0,0,0)$ and $\mathbf{b} = (1,1,1)$ along two different paths.
Exercise 3 : Gradient Theorem
Verify the gradient theorem for $T = x^2 + 4xy + 2yz^3$ from $\mathbf{a} = (0,0,0)$ to $\mathbf{b} = (1,1,1)$ along:
- $(0,0,0) \to (1,0,0) \to (1,1,0) \to (1,1,1)$
- $(0,0,0) \to (0,0,1) \to (0,1,1) \to (1,1,1)$
- The parabolic path $z = x^2$, $y = x$
Exercise 4 : Basic Surface Integral
Consider $\mathbf{v} = x^2,\hat{\mathbf{x}} + 2yz,\hat{\mathbf{y}} + y^2,\hat{\mathbf{z}}$ over the bottom face ($z = 0$, $0 \le x,y \le 1$) of a unit cube.
- Compute $\int_S \mathbf{v} \cdot d\mathbf{a}$ with upward as positive.
- Does this surface integral depend only on the boundary?
- Find the total flux through the closed surface of the cube (positive direction outward).
Exercise 5 : Stokes’ Theorem Application
For $\mathbf{v} = (xy),\hat{\mathbf{x}} + (2yz),\hat{\mathbf{y}} + (3zx),\hat{\mathbf{z}}$, compute the surface integral over the five faces of the cube $0 \le x,y,z \le 1$ (back face open) and compare with the line integral around its boundary.
Exercise 6 : Basic Volume Integral
Evaluate $\int_V T , d\tau$ for $T = z^2$ over the tetrahedron with vertices
$(0,0,0)$, $(1,0,0)$, $(0,1,0)$, and $(0,0,1)$.
Exercise 7 : Divergence Theorem Practice
For $\mathbf{G} = x^2 y,\hat{\mathbf{x}} + z,\hat{\mathbf{y}} + xy,\hat{\mathbf{z}}$:
- Find $\nabla \cdot \mathbf{G}$
- Compute $\iiint_V (\nabla \cdot \mathbf{G}), d\tau$ over the volume bounded by $z = 0$, $z = 1 - x - y$, $x \ge 0$, $y \ge 0$
- Compute the outward flux $\iint_{\partial V} \mathbf{G} \cdot d\mathbf{a}$ and check the divergence theorem
Exercise 8 : Divergence Theorem
Test the divergence theorem for $\mathbf{v} = (xy),\hat{\mathbf{x}} + (2yz),\hat{\mathbf{y}} + (3zx),\hat{\mathbf{z}}$ over a cube centered at the origin with side length $2$.
Exercise 9 : Stokes’ Theorem
Test Stokes’ theorem for $\mathbf{v} = (xy),\hat{\mathbf{x}} + (2yz),\hat{\mathbf{y}} + (3zx),\hat{\mathbf{z}}$ using the triangular surface with vertices
$(0,0,0)$, $(0,2,0)$, and $(0,0,2)$.
Exercise 10 : Comprehensive Stokes’ Theorem
Let $\mathbf{F} = (y^2, xz, z^3)$
- Compute $\nabla \times \mathbf{F}$
- Evaluate $\int_C \mathbf{F} \cdot d\mathbf{l}$ along the helix $\mathbf{r}(t) = (\cos t, \sin t, t)$ from $t = 0$ to $t = 2\pi$
- Compute $\iint_S (\nabla \times \mathbf{F}) \cdot d\mathbf{a}$ over the hemispherical surface $x^2 + y^2 + z^2 = 1$, $z \ge 0$, and verify Stokes’ theorem
Exercise 11 : Integration Identities
Prove the following:
- $$ \int_S f(\nabla \times \mathbf{A}) \cdot d\mathbf{a} = \int_S [ \mathbf{A} \times (\nabla f) ] \cdot d\mathbf{a} + \oint_{\partial S} f\mathbf{A} \cdot d\mathbf{l} $$
- $$ \int_V \mathbf{B} \cdot ( \nabla \times \mathbf{A}) \, d\tau = \int_V \mathbf{A} \cdot (\nabla \times \mathbf{B}) \, d\tau + \oint_{\partial V} ( \mathbf{A} \times \mathbf{B}) \cdot d\mathbf{a} $$